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发表于 2009-10-24 00:29
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来自： 中国上海
3.1 Starting arrangements
3.1.1 Mechanical air starting
a) Air starting the main and auxiliary engines is to be
arranged such that the necessary air for the first charge
can be produced on board the ship without external aid.
b) The total capacity of air receivers is to be sufficient to
provide, without replenishment, not less than 12 consecutive
starts alternating between ahead and astern of
each main engine of the reversible type, and not less
than 6 consecutive starts of each main non-reversible
type engine connected to a controllable pitch propeller
or other device enabling the start without opposite
torque.
The number of starts refers to the engine in cold and
ready-to-start condition (all the driven equipment that
cannot be disconnected is to be taken into account).
A greater number of starts may be required when the
engine is in warm running condition.
When other users such as auxiliary engine starting systems,
control systems, whistle etc. are connected to the
starting air receivers of main propulsion engines, their
air consumption is also to be taken into account.
Regardless of the above, for multi-engine installations
the number of starts required for each engine may be
reduced subject to the agreement of the Society and
depending upon the arrangement of the engines and the
transmission of their output to the propellers.
c) The main starting air arrangements for main propulsion
or auxiliary diesel engines are to be adequately protected
against the effects of backfiring and internal
explosion in the starting air pipes. To this end, the following
safety devices are to be fitted:
• An isolating non-return valve, or equivalent, at the
starting air supply connection to each engine.
• A bursting disc or flame arrester:
• in way of the starting valve of each cylinder, for
direct reversing engines having a main starting
air manifold
• at least at the supply inlet to the starting air manifold,
for non-reversing engines.
The bursting disc or flame arrester above may be
omitted for engines having a bore not exceeding
230 mm.
Other protective devices will be specially considered by
the Society.
The requirements of this item
3.1.2 Electrical starting
a) Where main internal combustion engines are arranged
for electrical starting, at least two separate batteries are
to be fitted.
The arrangement is to be such that the batteries cannot
be connected in parallel.
Each battery is to be capable of starting the main engine
when in cold and ready to start condition.
The combined capacity of batteries is to be sufficient to
provide within 30 min, without recharging, the number
of starts required in [3.1.1] (b) in the event of air starting.
b) Electrical starting arrangements for auxiliary engines are
to have two separate storage batteries or may be supplied
by two separate circuits from main engine storage
batteries when these are provided. In the case of a single
auxiliary engine, one battery is acceptable. The combined
capacity of the batteries is to be sufficient for at
least three starts for each engine.
c) The starting batteries are only to be used for starting and
for the engine’s alarm and monitoring. Provision is to be
made to maintain the stored energy at all times.
d) Each charging device is to have at least sufficient rating
for recharging the required capacity of batteries within 6
hours.
3.1.3 Special requirements for starting
arrangements for emergency generating sets
a) Emergency generating sets are to be capable of being
readily started in their cold condition at a temperature
of 0°C. If this is impracticable, or if lower temperatures
are likely to be encountered, provision acceptable to the
Society shall be made for the maintenance of heating
arrangements, to ensure ready starting of the generating
sets.
b) Each emergency generating set arranged to be automatically
started shall be equipped with starting devices
approved by the Society with a stored energy capability
of at least three consecutive starts.
The source of stored energy shall be protected to preclude
critical depletion by the automatic starting system,
unless a second independent means of starting is provided.
In addition, a second source of energy shall be
provided for an additional three starts within 30 minutes,
unless manual starting can be demonstrated to be
effective.
c) The stored energy is to be maintained at all times, as follows:
• electrical and hydraulic starting systems shall be
maintained from the emergency switchboard
• compressed air starting systems may be maintained
by the main or auxiliary compressed air receivers
through a suitable non-return valve or by an emergency
air compressor which, if electrically driven, is
supplied from the emergency switchboard
• all of these starting, charging and energy storing
devices are to be located in the emergency generator
space; these devices are not to be used for any
purpose other than the operation of the emergency
generating set. This does not preclude the supply to
the air receiver of the emergency generating set from
the main or auxiliary compressed air system through
the non-return valve fitted in the emergency generator
space.
d) Where automatic starting is not required, manual starting,
such as manual cranking, inertia starters, manually
charged hydraulic accumulators, or powder charge cartridges,
is permissible where this can be demonstrated
as being effective.
e) When manual starting is not practicable, the requirements
of (b) and (c) are to be complied with, except
that starting may be manually initiated. |
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