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发表于 2014-4-13 16:43
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来自: 中国广东广州
本帖最后由 hugh777 于 2014-4-13 17:10 编辑
这是一个非常好的问题,值得探讨。
下面是我的回答。
1. 两者的不同点和相同点
两者的名称不同。“船宽”的英文名称是“BREADTH”,“型宽”的英文名称为“MOULDED BREADTH”。
就钢质船而言,两者在数值上是一样的。
2. 国际公约的定义
2.1 载重线公约的定义
ILLC Reg.3(4)宽度。除另有明文规定外,宽度(B)是船舶的最大宽度,对金属船壳的船舶是在船中处量至两舷肋骨型线,其他材料的船舶在船中处量至两舷船壳的外表面。
Breadth. Unless expressly provided otherwise, the breadth (B) is the maximum breadth of the ship, measured amidships to the moulded line of the frame in a ship with a metal shell and to the outer surface of the hull in a ship with a shell of any other material.
2.2 吨位丈量公约的定义
TONNAGE Reg.2(3)宽度
宽度:系指船舶的最大宽度,对金属壳板的船,其宽度是在船长中点处量到两舷的肋骨型线,对其他材料壳板的船,其宽度在船长中点处量到船体外面。
The breadth is the maximum breadth of the ship, measured amidships to the moulded line of the frame in a ship with a metal shell and to the outer surface of the hull in a ship with a shell of any other material.
2.3 SOLAS的定义
SOLAS 第II-1章 Reg.2.8
船宽(B)系指船舶处于或低于最深分舱吃水时的最大型宽。
Breadth (B) is the greatest moulded breadth of the ship at or below the deepest subdivision draught.
2.4 中国法规的定义
同SOLAS
由此可见,法规方面仅使用“船宽”之一概念。
3.船级社规范定义
IACS: B(没说是船宽还是型宽) = Greatest moulded breadth in metres.取最大型宽。
CRS:B(没说是船宽还是型宽) : Moulded breadth, in m 取型宽
ABS:Breadth 船宽(B) is the greatest molded breadth in meters (feet).
BV:Moulded breadth (型宽)B is the greatest moulded breadth, in m, measured amidships below the weather deck.
CCS:船宽B(m):在船舶的最宽处,由一舷的肋骨外缘量至另一舷的肋骨外缘之间的水平距离。
DNV: B(没说是船宽还是型宽) = greatest moulded breadth in m, measured at the summer waterline.
CR:Breadth of ship (船宽)(B) is the horizontal distance, in meters, measured at the broadest part of the hull to themoulded line of the frame in the ship.
GL: The breadth (船宽)B [m] is the greatest moulded breadth of the ship.
LR: Breadth(船宽), B, is the greatest moulded breadth, in metres, or, for craft of composite construction, the extreme breadth excluding rubbing strakes or other projections. For multi-hull craft it is to be taken as the sum of the breadths of the individual hulls.
KR:The breadth of ship(船宽) (B ) is the horizontal distance in metres from the outside of frame to the outsideof frame measured at the broadest part of the hull.
NK: The breadth of ship (船宽)(B) is the horizontal distance in metres from the outside of frame to the outside of frame measured at the broadest part of the hull.
RINA: The moulded breadth(型宽) B is the greatest moulded breadth, in m, measured amidships below the weather deck.
船级社规范会采用“船宽”或“型宽”两种不同的定义。
从IACS的定义可见,IACS是有意避开了这个定义。可能是因为船级社之间有不同的声音,才取了一个折中的方法来定义。
4. 本人观点
法规定义的为上。即取“船宽”而不取“型宽”。
因为任何船舶都是以法规来限定其适用的规范。由法规引用适用的船级社规范。
船舶图纸中应以“船宽”为主。
型宽仅出现在型线图中,或者仅出现在与型值有关的图纸上。
补充内容 (2014-4-16 12:35):
某些船级社规范不喜欢使用“船宽”实际上是局限于“钢质船舶规范”这个概念,忽视(我个人认为可以用“藐视”)了法规中“船宽”的定义。
我们不禁要问:为什么LR、NK、GL、ABS均坚持使用“船宽”?他们傻吗?
补充内容 (2014-10-11 22:45):
“船宽”的概念最早应追溯到木船时期。这可以从现在对船宽的定义中,对木质船如何量取中看出一些端倪。 |
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